Kuehong

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7, 28.300, 160.012
共和联邦家乡
Cộng hòa liên bang Quê Hương
家乡
Quê Hương
FlagEmblem
Anthem:
Bài Hát Quê Hương Tôi
Song of my homeland
CapitalBakdep
Largest cityNamthinhvuong
Official languagesKuehongese
Baiyu
 • National languagesKuehongese
 • Regional languagesNeeg
Thoe
Slan
Ethnic GroupsKue (67.7%)
Bai (18.5%)
Other Archantans (4.7%)
Neeg (3.6%)
Thoe (2.3%)
Slan (1.4%)
Other (1.8%)
NationalitiesKuehongese
DemonymKuehongese
GovernmentFederal Parliamentary Stratocracy
(under a Military Junta)
 • Chairman of the
National Security and Stability Council
Le Van Kiet
 • Chief of the AssemblyLe Van Xuan
LegislatureNational Advisory Assembly
Area
 • Total160000 km2
Population
 • Census (2014)32 million
HDI (2015)Increase 0.679
medium
CurrencyNew Kuehongese Bạc (NKB)
Drives on theleft
Internet TLD.kg

Kuehong (Kuehongese: 家乡 Quê Hương pronounced [kweˈhɔŋ]), officially the Federal Republic of Kuehong (Kuehongese: 共和联邦家乡 Cộng hòa liên bang Quê Hương), is a republic located on the Muinon Peninsula in northern Archanta. To its north it is Fayaan, while to its southwest it borders with Cinasia. Kuehong has a population of 32 million, out of which 72% are native Kue, with the remaining being Bai, Neeg or other ethnic minorities. The capital is Bakdep (北叶 Bắc Đẹp), while Namthinhvuong (南盛旺 Nam Thịnh Vượng) is the largest city and the key financial centre of the country.

Kuehong was inhabited from as early as 20 000 BC. The Kue established their first kingdom in 500 BC and became a vassal state of the Bai until the Hoai Dynasty. In the 15th to 16th century, the region was annexed to be part of the Bai Empire (under the Suo Dynasty). The Kue later became part of the Yuet Kingdom which rebelled against the Suo but failed to gain control of Bai Proper, leading into the Peninsula War. After which, the Yuet became subjected to foreign powers. In 1928, the Kue rebelled against the Cinasian Republic that succeeded the Yuet. Shortly after its official independence, Kuehong became a communist state, which was overthrown through a military coup in 1959. The new military junta shortly after unified with Northern Cinasia to form the Federal Republic. In 1967, after a decade of political instability, the military seized power and transformed Kuehong into a stratocracy. Kuehong developed rapidly under military rule, and the military initiated a series of economic and political reforms in the 80s that facilitated Kuehong's integration into world politics and the global economy.

Till today, Kuehong is still embroiled in rampant ethnic strifes in the rural areas in Loi Xo, Trac Khe and Phuong Lam, despite efforts in securing peace in the region. Being a stratocracy, it has a strong military force consisting entirely of the population. Although there are large improvements in the quality of education, healthcare, life expectancy, personal safety and housing, it continues to face challenges including poverty, corruption and inadequate social welfare, alongside allegations of human rights abuses against ethnic minorities.

Etymology

Kuehong, derived from the Ingerish transliteration of Quê Hương (家乡), is a term of Kue origin that means "homeland" in the Kue language. The term "Quê" means "family" and was initially documented in early Bai traveller records dating back to the 3rd century BC, generally referring to the various native tribes including the Neegs. Initially represented by the character "圭," the term "Quê" underwent subsequent modifications in Baizi character adaptations for the Kue language. The Kue people embraced this designation with the establishment of the Third Kue Kingdom in the 7th century AD. Kuehong remains the regional name used for the Kue region even under the Bai and Yuet colonisations, alongside "Quê Chu" (家州), meaning "Kue state".

In the 17th century, Ingerish explorers arrived in the Muinon Peninsula and misspelt the Kue region name as "Kwehong", which appeared on Ulethan maps published in the subsequent centuries. Another spelling, "Kuehong", emerged during the 19th century and has since gained widespread usage. Additionally, other nations have employed various spelling variants such as "Kue-hong," "Que Hong," "Quehong," or "Kue Hong" to refer to the state.

Geography

Kuehong has a total land area of 135466.08 km². Much of the country is on the portion of the Muinon Peninsula between Fayaan and Cinasia. Kuehong includes several outlying islets, including Vang Ngat Island, Chau Bo Island and Lon No Island.

Kuehong lies above the Tropic of Cancer and is located between the 27N and 30N latitude. The country is rather temperate. Kuehong also experiences hot, humid weather from June through September, while typhoons are relatively common.

Two mountain ranges stretch across in a general northeast to southwest direction. Most of the country's population resides on the flat to gently rolling plains of the coastal areas.

History

Prehistory and Dynastic Kuehong

A drawing of the ancient capital of So Tai in 200 BC

Archaeological evidence suggests that the peninsula has been inhabited since 50 000 BC. It is widely believed that the early inhabitants migrated from the Bai region in Archanta Minor and intermingled with settlers from eastern Uletha. By the 10th century BC, these settlers had evolved into two distinct ethnic groups known as the Co Xua, the predecessors of the Kue, and the Neegs.

During this period, various city-states and small kingdoms emerged, characterized by occasional cooperation and competition among them. Over time, these city-states coalesced into two major kingdoms by the 5th century BC. The Kue established the So Tai Kingdom in the northern half of the peninsula, while the Neegs established the Zhin/Zuchaw (致賢) Kingdom, exerting firm control over modern southern Cinasia. The intense rivalry between these two kingdoms often led to conflicts along their disputed frontier. Additionally, they vied for influence over the minority tribes residing in the mountainous and eastern coastal regions of the peninsula.

The So Tai Kingdom met its demise during the Third Neeg–Kue War with the defeat of the Kue lords. The emerging Bai Fu Dynasty supported the Zuchaws by providing their forces and equipment. However, following the collapse of the Fu Dynasty, the new Zuchaw King rebelled against the succeeding Qiang Dynasty, which sought greater control over the Zuchaws. In response, the Qiang backed the restoration of the Kue Kingdom, known as the Yen (安) Dynasty, resulting in the overthrow of the Zuchaws.

The Yen gained firmly in control of the entire peninsula and its sea routes, though it remained under the overlordship of the Bai Empire. While enjoying a significant degree of autonomy in managing their own affairs, occasional resentment towards the Bai Empire led to numerous rebellions, most of which were suppressed. In the 6th century AD, the Meng Dynasty attempted to invade the Kue over a dispute regarding trade rights. However, the Kue successfully repelled these invasions. In the latter half of the century, internal strife within the Kue court weakened its power, ultimately leading to its downfall. Following the collapse of the Yen Dynasty, the peninsula plunged into a period of civil war until the emergence of Kue warlord Ly Lac at the turn of the 7th century, who established the Hoai Dynasty and proclaimed himself as Vua Khôn Ngoan.

A statue of Vua Khon Ngoan in a Kue temple

Kue society enjoyed a "golden era" under the Hoai Dynasty, retaining its independence from the fragmented Bai Empire, which had splintered into numerous princely states. With the Bai Empire weakened and facing internal conflicts, the Kue emerged as the dominant power in the region, asserting their influence over a significant portion of the peninsula. During the 8th to 10th centuries, the Kue expanded its territory to the north of the Muinon Peninsula and annexed several Bai states under its control. The Bai and Kue became intertwined for subsequent centuries through intermarriages between the Bai and Kue princes and princesses.

The balance of power shifted in the 12th century AD when the Bai states unified under the First Bai Dynasty, resulting in the Kue assuming a semi-autonomous vassal status and becoming a compulsory ally of the Bai rulers. As the First Bai Dynasty's influence waned, the Hoai Vuas of the Kue initiated reforms aimed at reducing their economic reliance on the Bai and addressing social issues within their own kingdom. Nevertheless, rampant corruption and internal power struggles hindered the effectiveness of these measures, leading to an economic breakdown within the Hoai Dynasty when the First Bai Dynasty collapsed in the 14th century AD. The later years of the Hoai Dynasty were marked by rebellions and frequent incursions by Suo warlords, ultimately culminating in the annexation of the Kue territories during the Mui Campaign. The Kue lords, who fiercely resisted the invasion, were eventually compelled to surrender under the terms outlined in the Treaty of Cong Bang. The victorious Suo forces purged the Kue lords and established their own officials to govern the peninsula.

Bai Colonisation

Bai Opera performed to a Kue audience in the 16th century

Following the Suo annexation, a significant influx of Bai settlers arrived on the peninsula, assuming roles as soldiers, civil servants, construction workers and traders. By 1527, the Bai settlers had outnumbered the native population by at least threefold. Their presence had a profound impact on the commercial and civil life of the region, as they dominated various sectors of society, including commerce, governance, and cultural affairs. The Bai customs, traditions, and language blended with the existing local culture resulting in the emergence of a distinct regional identity.

With the Suo Empire focusing its efforts on other territories and domestic challenges, Suo's interest over the region diminished. During this time, Ulethan traders, who recognized the strategic and economic potential of the peninsula, seized the opportunity to engage in trade in the region. The Suo permitted Ulethan powers to establish new settlements and take control of trade routes on the peninsula. At the same time, rebels fleeing from Suo forces in the aftermath of the failed White Dragon Rebellion found sanctuary in the peninsula. The relatively remote and rugged terrain of the region became a hotbed for rebel activities which posed challenges to both the Suo forces and the emerging Ulethan settlements.

In 1623, the Bai rebels proclaimed the establishment of the Yuet Dynasty. The Suo were defeated in their attempt to reclaim the peninsula, leading to its collapse in 1671. The Yuet Dynasty sought to position itself as the legitimate successor to the Suo Dynasty, aiming to unify and govern the Bai region under its rule. However, the Mai coup in Baijing disrupted Yuet's ambitions of unification. The Lin Dynasty, a rival faction within Bai, made attempts to undermine and overthrow Yuet's rule on the peninsula through the Peninsula War. Despite these internal struggles, the Yuet Dynasty survived with foreign assistance, leading to a prolonged stalemate between the competing factions.

Yuet Kingdom

Ingerish officials and local riflemen who aided the Yuet during the Peninsula War

In the aftermath of the conflict, the Yuet Dynasty became heavily dependent on the colonial powers that had supported its rise to power. The Yuet effectively became a client state, granting concessions and privileges to these colonial powers, including extraterritorial rights for foreign traders operating within the peninsula. After the Yuet's defeat in the Battle of Noordkapp in its attempt to regain control over the northern region of the peninsula, the Yuet ceded territory that would later be known as Fayaan to the Ingerish, Lentians and Castellanese colonial powers. During the 18th century, the Yuet Dynasty began to exploit the benefits of foreign trade. It gradually implemented reforms that introduced Ulethan political, judicial, and military institutions aimed at modernizing and consolidating the Yuet government. In 1823, the Yuet acquired the former Ingerish settlements, including Yuethon, Tan Kong and Tamon. However, the Middle Bai Dynasty compelled the Yuet Dynasty to cede control of Port Dunghoi and many territories within the Bai region, which prompted a series of naval skirmishes between the Yuet and Middle Bai.

The 19th century saw a surge of Kue nationalism fueled by the emergence of Kue scholars. This movement, known as the "Kue Awakening," aimed to assert the Kue identity and challenge the Bai elitism that had long dominated the region. In response, the Yuet implemented policies to suppress the Kue nationalist movement. Elitist entrance requirements were imposed on Kue individuals seeking higher education or opportunities abroad, while obstacles were created to hinder their employment prospects within the peninsula. However, this only fuelled nationalist sentiments among the Kue. The Alliance for the Liberation of Kuehong, an armed militia, was formed with the goal of achieving independence through force if necessary. Simultaneously, certain segments of the Bai population began advocating for democratic reforms within the Yuet government, desiring a more inclusive and participatory political system. However, the Yuet Dynasty maintained absolute control over the people, resisting significant changes.

Towards the end of the 19th century, the Yuet Dynasty, faced with increasing pressure and growing indifference towards governance, initiated gradual reforms to transition the kingdom into a constitutional monarchy. The Yuet Advisory Council was established, allowing elected representatives to contribute to the governance of the country. Representing the Kue were the more moderate Kue National Alliance (KNA), while the Progressive Commerce Guild represented the interests of Bai workers and unionists. Despite their ideological differences, the Alliance and the Guild collaborated in pushing for incremental reforms, leading to the Loang Kheuch Agreement that outlined a 10-year plan for the gradual transition of the Yuet Dynasty into a constitutional monarchy. However, several Kue nationalists and other minorities protested against the Agreement, while many reformists demanded radical changes. Widespread protests in the 1900s led to the overthrowing of the Yuet Kingdom and the establishment of the Cinasian Republic through the Five Powered Revolution on 2 July 1912.

Muinon War and communist era

Kue soldiers during the civil war

The establishment of the republic, however, did not resolve the rising ethnic tensions on the peninsula. The early republic was embroiled in political instability until the election of Ho Ling Wha (郝齡話) as its third president in 1920. Intending to suppress the Kue rebels, he enacted many anti-Kue laws that heavily restricted the Kue's political, legal and civil rights. In protest against the rigged legislative elections in 1928 and the passing of the Denatualisation Law, the Kue proclaimed a rival government in Phong Thinh on 1 August that year.

Ho attempted to suppress the Kue rebellion which culminated in the Muinon War. Aided by communist guerillas, the Kue resisted the Cinasian intervention and achieved formal independence as the sovereign Kuehong Free State on 20 August 1938. Shortly afterwards, the Kuehong Free State transformed into a communist state through the 31st October Movement that year. Meanwhile, Northern Cinasia, the region that would be today's eastern Kuehong, was pressured to remain in Cinasia despite wide cultural differences between them (who are culturally closer to the Kue) and the rest of Cinasia. After Ho's sudden death in 1940, Cinasia plunged into civil war as Cinasian communists attempted to take over the greatly weakened republican government. Avoiding the conflict, the Northern Cinasians declared the creation of their own government in Namthinhvuong and remained largely independent of Cinasia during the 40s and 50s.

The communist regime in Kuehong, while initially seeing significant social reforms and huge spending on key infrastructure projects, later went into decline due to financial mismanagement and Democratic Kuehong fell into an economic crisis. So Mot, leader of the Kue communists, became more repressive and implemented extreme measures that greatly isolated Kuehong in desperate bids to improve the economic situation. This included his infamous Nhảy Tuyệt Vời policy that forcibly relocated the urban population to the countryside to work on collective farms and industrial areas set up in the rural areas. Meanwhile, he purged many officials to ensure his grip on power and eliminate those who attempt to subvert his regime. These mass killings, coupled with malnutrition and poor medical care, killed between 1.5 and 2 million people, approximately a quarter of the population. Many Kues were forced to flee into Northern Cinasia. Repeated purges generated growing discontent; by 1950 the military was mounting a rebellion in the east.

After a decade of coups and nepotistic rule, Northern Cinasia stabilised in 1953 with 朴元淳 Phác Nguyên Thuần (Pu Yuanfeng) implementing the much-needed economic and political reforms in the country. After proclaiming its official independence in 1955, the Cinasian republic government recovering from the civil war attempted to reclaim the region through Operation Zhuwan. However, without adequate air support by the Federal States, the operation was unsuccessful and only widened the political differences between the two states.

Reunification and military rule

The unification monument in Namthinhvuong

In 1956, the Kuehongese military overthrew the communists through a violent coup. While the Kue initially welcomed the end of communist rule, protests erupted against the military regime which refused to introduce democratic reforms. The new military leaders worked on a plan to merge with Northern Cinasia due to strong historical and cultural ties between the two states. It is believed that unification will preserve their influence in a new united government while alleviating the economic problems in the post-communist era. Meanwhile, Northern Cinasia hoped for an alliance with the new regime to ensure its independence and counter the Cinasian and the Federal States' influence in the region. In 1958, Northern Cinasian President Phung Kinh Gu proposed unification of the two Kue-populated regions.

Through negotiations and a referendum, the Federal Republic of Kuehong was established in 1961. The new country, however, faced numerous ethnic and political strife, which cumulated into the assassination of president Phung in 1966. At the same time, Cinasia attempted incursions into Kuehong with aerial bombings in the southern region. Facing multiple problems, Phung's successor 尹泰日 Doãn Thái Nhật turned towards the military for assistance and support. With the civilian administration greatly weakened and widely perceived by the public as inept, Kuehong's Prime Minister and Chief of Defence Forces General Trần Chí Duệ (陈志睿) proceeded to seize power through the 1967 military coup that ended Kuehong's brief decade of civilian democracy.

A military poster with Tran's portrait in 1969

Taking over as Chairman of the "interim" State Council for National Security and Stability, Tran Chi Due implemented martial law which allowed the military to assume absolute control over all aspects of governance. Tran had the legislatures dissolved "temporarily" and suspended the constitution in the name of reestablishing order in the country. The coup was welcomed by many after the decade of political turmoil and supported the military's vision for a "stable, peaceful and prosperous society". The few who expressed opposition against the coup and the dictatorship were swiftly silenced and purged.

Since the coup, the military has maintained its absolute control over the country. Corporations were nationalised and brought under military control through various military-backed trade unions. Upholding many policies of the previous regime, Tran embarked on a series of massive construction projects while industrialising the country with the help of the Bai Empire. Retaining tight control over the media, the military outlawed political parties and indefinitely suspended elections through the 1972 military constitution that formalised its control over the country. In 1971, Tran implemented nationwide conscription to assimilate people's lives into the military.

With Tran's death in 1979, his successor Vũ Tuấn Hưng (武俊兴) gradually relaxed the military's control over the country. Alongside a series of social reforms (such as new schools and hospitals to cater to the growing population), the military also liberalised the economy for trade with other nations. Relations were normalised with Cinasia, Fayaan and the Federal States, which allowed more foreign direct investments into the country.

However, his position was threatened by rival Tran Tu Tin, who opposed his economic policies. Accusing Vu of corruption and his alleged involvement in the illicit drug trade, Tran's military faction launched a silent coup against Vu in 1984. Tran, while continuing Vu's social policies, abandoned trade deals with the Federal States and fostered closer relations with the Bai Empire. The Bai Empire continued to supply arms and supported its occupation of the Shaacharu Islets, which remained contested between Cinasia and Kuehong since the Shaachrau Civil War.

With his declining health, Tran was succeeded by Lý Duc An (李德恩) in 1990. Ly, who has promised political reforms that allowed his rise to power, established a legislature and introduced term limits for the chairmanship. However, the members of the newly-formed 60-member National Assembly was largely a rubber-stamp parliament, with the junta (Central Security and Stability Council) continuing to retain absolute control. Rejecting calls for an election to establish a fully elected legislature, Ly went on to announce that he intended to serve beyond his term limit, stating that he needed more time to ensure a "smooth, democratic transition" for the country. Quickly losing support of the people and the military, Ly was ousted in a coup in 1996 led by Diep Duy Tam.

"Hybrid Democracy" Era

A Neeg town of Khang Linh devastated during the insurgency. The Neeg Insurgency was one of the greatest challenges faced by the military government in the 21st century.

Diep, with the assistance of the Assembly of Nations (AN) and the Federal States, revised the constitution and replaced the 60-member legislative body with a fully elected legislature. Diep oversaw the country's first fully-free legislative elections before stepping down in 1998. Before stepping down, Diep inaugurated the new capital Bakdep, which replaced Namthinhvuong.

Diep Quang Nhan, the brother of his predecessor, led Kuehong at the beginning of the 21st century. Under his administration, Kuehong maintained its economic growth while facing ethnic and political strife. The 2001 Neeg Rebellion led to the Neeg Insurgency which continued to the present day. In 2003, which saw the first state elections alongside its second nationwide legislative elections, several candidates were barred from contesting which rigged the elections in favour of the military. In 2006, several NGOs were shut down, while Assembly members and political critics were arrested in a crackdown against corruption and national security threats. The crackdown comes as the economy began to stagnate and the insurgency began to intensify. From 2006 to 2007, a series of national protests broke out which were quelled brutally.

Mass flooding of farms in the aftermath of the typhoon.

Tensions flared in the region from 2005 to 2009 as Kuehong rapidly expanded its scope for its missile programme. Rolling back on its commitments to the 1999 Shaacharu Armistice, Kuehong launched a series of military strikes on the disputed islets from 2007 to 2009. In 2009, the eastern ears of the country were hit by a severe typhoon, followed by the Phung Tau Earthquake. The disasters led to widespread infrastructural damage and a death toll of around 800 to 2000. The damage led to Diep's term extension, which was met with some protests. To receive international aid and assistance, Kuehong de-escalated military tensions and pledged further political reforms after its recovery.

Since 2011, Kuehong is led by NSSC Chairman Vu Yen Luc, who made a series of judicial reforms. While many political prisoners were released, restrictions on political activism remain in place. Still, in 2015, the legislative elections saw the pro-democracy faction gaining more seats in the Assembly. Despite peace efforts, negotiations with the Neeg insurgents reached an impasse. Vu made efforts to centralise more power, with frequent dissolutions of the state legislatures. In 2021, Vu announced he will be stepping down, with Le Van Kie set to succeed him.[1] The 2021 elections saw a victory for many of the pro-military candidates.[2]

Government and politics

Kuehong is a federal parliamentary republic under an executive-led military junta. The 1972 Constitution legitimised the military's control over the country and assimilated the entire population of Kuehong into the military structure, which created a unique social fabric where military service is not only a duty but also a way of life for every citizen. The political system of Kuehong functions through a federal parliamentary framework, with a hierarchical structure that reflects the military's influence. The National Security and Stability Council (NSSC) is the supreme governing body of Kuehong consisting of high-ranking officials responsible for formulating major national policies and overseeing the overall functioning of governmental affairs. The Chairman of the National Council, who leads the NSSC for up to two five-year terms, serves as the country's head of state.

Legislative power is held in the National Advisory Assembly, composed of 600 elected representatives who are carefully vetted and approved by the military authorities. The head of government is the Chief of the National Advisory Assembly (Chief of the Assembly), who is appointed by the NSSC. While the Parliament retains some degree of decision-making authority, such as amending the Constitution, enacting and amending basic legislation, and determining "major state issues worthy of legislative action". the NSSC maintains significant influence over the legislative process and final approval of laws. The NSSC retains the authority to dissolve the national and state assemblies and postpone elections indefinitely.

The Supreme National's Court of Kuehong, headed by a chief justice, is the country's highest court of appeal. The legal system of Kuehong is the legal system of the military. Beneath the Supreme People's Court stand the provincial municipal courts and numerous local courts. Kuehong is known to have very tough penalties for certain offences as rape, rioting, vandalism, and certain immigration offences. Homosexuality is banned in Kuehong.

Foreign relations

Bai Chancellor Li and Kuehong Chairman Vu Yen Luc in 2016

Kuehong's foreign policy is to "consistently implement a policy of independence, self-reliance, peace, co-operation, and positive development" for the country and other nations. Kuehong remains isolated from the Ulethan nations and the Federal States over its human rights abuses and missile programme, with sanctions and arms embargo imposed on the military government. Kuehong has tense relations with its neighbours Fayaan and Cinasia, particularly over border disputes and the Shaachrau Crisis.

The country has close military and economic ties with the Bai Empire. Bai corporations have generally remained willing to continue investing in the country, particularly in natural resource extraction. In turn, Kuehong was known to supply arms and assist in developing new non-nuclear weapons systems for the Bai Empire. Kuehong also has close economic ties with countries in Archanta and Tarephia, with trade and military agreements signed with Majesia, Sae, Grinzez, Drull, Rhododactylia, Cabelia and Tigeria.

Embassies of foreign nations are located in the national capital of Bakdep. Consulates and economic liaison offices are located in other major cities of the country, such as Vang Ngat and its former capital Namthinhvuong. Kuehong also has its representative offices abroad, which has been suspected of hosting and coordinating espionage activities.

Military

As a stratocracy, the military not only governs the political landscape but also exerts significant influence over the daily lives of its citizens. This unique form of governance places paramount importance on the military's role and considers every individual within the nation as an integral part of the Kuehongese military apparatus. The stratocracy of Kuehong operates on the principle that the military is not merely a separate entity but an all-encompassing institution that pervades all aspects of society, including governance, infrastructure development, education, and public services. As a result, the military's interests and priorities shape policy-making, resource allocation, and decision-making processes at all levels of the Kuehongese society. The junta justifies its rule by asserting that military control ensures efficiency, stability, and protection from external threats.

Kuehongese citizens are expected to adhere to the military ethos, which emphasizes discipline, obedience, and the collective welfare of the nation. Most Kuehongese are drafted into the military at the age of 18, with men serving for two years and six months and women for two years. About 30 per cent of the population signed on to serve in the regular armed forces, with others taking up voluntary community services or other less-active roles in the military.

The Kuehongese People's Defence Forces (KPDF) consists of the Kuehong People's Army, the Kuehong People's Public Security and the Kuehong Civil Defence Force, headed by the Chairman of the General Committee. The KPA consists of the army, air force and navy. The KPDF is assisted by resources from its secret services – the Domestic Military Intelligence Directorate (DMID) and the International Military Intelligence Agency of Kuehong (IMIAK).

To overcome foreign embargoes, the government of Kuehong has developed its own military industry with assistance from the Bai Empire, producing its own tanks, armoured personnel carriers, missiles, submarines, military vessels, missile destroyers, radar systems, helicopters, and fighter planes. Kuehong also possesses a stockpile of chemical weapons estimated to amount to between 2,500–5,000 tons, including nerve, blister, blood, and vomiting agents, as well as the ability to cultivate and produce biological weapons including anthrax, smallpox, and cholera. The military has also deployed a wide range of asymmetric warfare technologies including anti-personnel blinding lasers, GPS jammers, midget submarines and human torpedoes, stealth paint, and cyberwarfare units.

Political divisions

Kuehong is a federation of nine states and one federal territory, each with its own local government and elected representatives. Governance of the states is officially divided between the federal government of Bakdep and the state governments, with different powers reserved for each ever since the 2003 decentralisation of power. Nevertheless, regional authorities are restricted to address local issues while adhering to the overarching defense and security policies set by the federal government. The states, in turn, are further divided into prefectures or districts.

States

Economy

Kuehong, despite being a military state, has managed to foster a relatively open state-oriented and newly-industrialised developing economy. However, it remains one of the less developed countries in Northern Archanta compared to its neighbours and faces limited economic growth. The economy of Kuehong is characterized by a combination of the military-industrial complex, state-controlled sectors, and emerging private enterprises.

With a focus on defence and security, substantial resources are allocated to the military-industrial complex. This includes the development, production, and maintenance of advanced weaponry, military equipment, and technology. The defense industry is a key driver of innovation, creating job opportunities and generating revenue through domestic sales and exports.

In recent years, Kuehong has embraced a policy of economic diversification and has been actively promoting the growth of private enterprises. The government has implemented measures to encourage entrepreneurship, attract foreign investments, and foster innovation and technological advancement. This has resulted in the emergence of a vibrant private sector, with small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) playing a crucial role in driving economic growth, job creation, and fostering competitiveness.

The agricultural sector also plays a vital role in Kuehong's economy, providing food security and employment opportunities for a significant portion of the population. The government has implemented agricultural reforms, invested in infrastructure, and supported modern farming techniques to enhance productivity and improve the quality of agricultural products. Kuehong is known for its production of staple crops, such as rice, wheat, and various fruits and vegetables.

Infrastructure

Demographics

Language

A multilingual sign in Kuehong's three official languages: Kuehongese, Babelic and Ingerish.

Kuehong has three official languages - Kuehongese (also its national language), Babelic (Bai) and Ingerish. Kuehongese is spoken by the majority of the population, while Bai is generally spoken by the ethnic Bai population in Kuehong. There is an increasing number of Ingerish speakers in Kuehong after Ingerish language lessons were made compulsory since 2001 when it became the official language.

Kuehongese is one of the few languages with active digraphia. Officially, it uses both Xinbaizi (simplified Bai characters) and Mautu (modified Romantian). Xinbaizi is used in the majority of textbooks, novels, road signs, official documents and newspapers. Sometimes, and increasingly, Mautu is used alongside Xinbaizi, especially since Mautu has become more popular and widely used by the younger generation. In 2017, it is found that Kuehongese speakers are able to read Mautu but a significant portion (at 28%) are unable to read Xinbaizi. There have also been calls to abolish Xinbaizi, especially during a mass rally in Vang Ngat in 2016 which led to violent clashes after radical protestors defaced road signs using Xinbaizi.

Other minority languages are also spoken in Kuehong. The largest minority language is the Neeg language, with its speakers in the Neeg-populated states of Trac Khe and Loi Xo. Use of minority languages have been discouraged in the country, despite recent legislation in 2015 allowing the teaching and official use of the Neeg language in the Neeg states.

References

  1. "Kuehong Chairman Vu Yền Lực to be succeeded by Lê Văn Kiệt". Presses Généraux. 27 April 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  2. "Kuehong's pro-military candidates attains sweeping victory for the National Assembly". Presses Généraux. 3 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.

Bibliography

  • Driskoll, David C. (1999). Kuehong: From Golden Kingdom to military stratocracy. Gobras City, Gobrassanya: Intelligent Publishing. ISBN 978-6-5549-0753-8.
  • Charpentier, Amity (2006). A Comprehensive History of the Kue. Hexagonia City, Tigeria: Tigerian Publishing. ISBN 978-7-2777-2067-1.

See also